24-04-2021 The Sundarbans as a World Heritage Site

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Sundarbans is the largest delta in the world, the longest saline wetland, and a very important ecosystem rich in biodiversity. There are 334 species of plants and 365 species of wildlife, including 35 species of reptiles, 315 species of birds, 42 species of mammals, and the world-famous Royal Bengal Tiger. Major reptile species include saltwater crocodiles, pythons, cobras, guitars, sea snakes, chameleons, turtles, and others. About 30 species of snakes are found in the Sundarbans. The Sundarbans was declared as the 560th Ramsar Area in 1992, as all the features of the Ramsar area exist as wetlands. In 1997, UNESCO declared the Sundarbans as a World Heritage Site.

History of the Sundarbans

Evidence of the existence of the Sundarbans has been found since ancient times. Historians believe that the Sundarbans were formed in the Gangetic delta region about two thousand years ago.

From the Mughal period (1203-1538), the Sundarbans were established/leased to local kings. In the evolution of time, the world's single largest mangrove forest has been brought under scientific management. The East India Company acquired the ownership of the Sundarbans from the Mughal Emperor Alamgir II in 1757, and in 184 the Surveyor-General surveyed and mapped it.

After the establishment of the Forest Department in Bengal, the Sundarbans has declared a protected forest in 185-17 under the Forest Act-185. In 189, the Sundarbans was assigned by the district administration to the newly created Forest Management Department in Khulna city, and in 69-73, the first survey of the Sundarbans was carried out.

To make the public aware of the importance of the Sundarbans, many British forest officials visited the Sundarbans from 183 to 184 and recommended legislation to protect the Sundarbans and extract trees.



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